Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Gross
Output Value of Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers to the total value of products of agriculture, forestry, animal
husbandry and fishery, and total value of services in support of agriculture,
forestry, animal husbandry and fishery activities. It reflects the total scale
and results of agricultural production during a given period. Prior to 1957,
Gross output value of agriculture is
obtained by multiplying the output of each product or by-product by its price,
resulting in the output value of each single item. For a small number of
products, annual output of which is not available or difficult to get due to
the long production (growing) process involved, the output value is estimated
through an indirect approach. The sum of output values of all products of
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery and services in support to
those industries is then equal to the gross output value of agriculture.
Grain
Output refers to the total output of grains produced by agricultural producers
within a calendar year. It includes summer grain, early rice and autumn grain
if classified by harvest seasons; it covers cereal, tubers and beans if
classified by type of crops. Output of cereal should be limited to husked grain
only. Output of beans refers to dry beans without pods. The output of tubers
(sweet potatoes and potatoes, not including taros and cassava) are converted
into that of grain at the ratio 4:1, i.e. 4 kilograms of fresh tubers were equivalent
to 1 kilogram of grain up to 1963. Since 1964 the ratio for conversion has been
5:1. Tubers supplied as vegetables (such as potatoes) in cities and suburbs are
calculated as fresh vegetables and their output is not included in the output
of grain. Data on grain production before 1989 were obtained through the
Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System. Since 1989, data from sample
surveys are used.
Cotton
Output refers to cotton production in the whole country including cotton planted
in spring and in autumn. Output is measured as the weight of ginned cotton. Ceiba is not included.
Output
of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total production of oil-bearing crops of various kinds,
including peanuts (dry, in shell), rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax
seeds, and other oil-bearing crops. Soybeans, oil-bearing woody plants, and
wild oil-bearing crops are not included.
Output
of Aquatic Products refers to final output actually yielded from fishing production (fishery
and breeding), including all output of marine and freshwater fish, crustaceans
(shrimps, crabs), shellfish, cephalopod, seaweed and other fishery products.
Data on output of aquatic products are reported by aquatic product and
statistical agencies level by level. Before 1995, among the shellfish, oyster
was counted as fresh meat; 5 kilograms of ark shell, clams and frogs are
equivalent to 1 kilogram of fresh aquatic products; they have all been counted
as fresh aquatic products since 1996.
Output
of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered hogs, cattle, sheep and goats with head,
feet, and offal taken away. Data refers to the production of the whole country.
Before 1996, it was a comprehensive reporting from the lower level to the upper
one. The First Agricultural Census of China in 1996 revealed some discrepancy
between the production of animal products from the annual reports and that from
the census. Efforts were made to adjust the output value of animal husbandry to
make the figures from the annual reports consistent with the census data. Since
1999, the NBS conducted sample surveys for the major animal husbandry products,
such as hogs, cattle, sheep and goats and fowls, and the data from sample
surveys are used as national finalized data. In 2008, A Monitoring and Survey
Program was set up on main livestock, the data on the main livestock such as
hog, cattle, sheep and poultry became the official data based on the sampling
survey.
Number
of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) of Period refers to the total
number of large animals, pigs, sheep, fowls, etc. raised by rural cooperative
organizations, State farms, rural individuals, government agencies, schools,
industrial and mining enterprises, army, and urban residents at the beginning
(or end) of the reference period. Data reporting system and data adjustment are
the same as that in the output of pork, beef and mutton.
Sown
Area of Crops refers to area of all land (cultivated or non-cultivated area) sown or
transplanted with crops that are harvested within the calendar year by
agricultural producers. All crops harvested within the year are counted as sown
area, regardless of being sown in this year or the previous year. Crops sown
this year but will be harvested in the coming year are excluded.
Effective
Irrigated Area refers to area of land that are
effectively irrigated, i.e. relatively level land, where there are water
sources or complete sets of irrigation facilities to lift and move adequate
water for irrigation purpose under normal conditions. Under normal situations,
irrigated area is the sum of watered fields and irrigated fields where
irrigation systems or equipment have been installed for regular irrigation
purpose. It is an important indicator to reflect the farmland water conservancy
construction in
Consumption
of Chemical Fertilizers in Agriculture refers to
the quantity of chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture in the year,
including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and
compound fertilizer. The consumption of chemical fertilizers is calculated in
terms of volume of effective components by means of converting the gross weight
of the respective fertilizers into weight containing effective component (e.g.
nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous pentoxide
contents in phosphate fertilizer, and potassium oxide contents in potash
fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted in regard to its major
components. The formula is:
Volume of effective component= physical
quantity× effective component of certain chemical fertilizer (%)
Total
Power of Agricultural Machinery refers to the total rated capacity of all agricultural machinery.
Agricultural machinery refers to the machineries and equipments which are used
for activities of planting, animal husbandry, fishery,
primary processing of agricultural products, agricultural transport and
infrastructure construction of farmland. Total power of agricultural machinery
is grouped into four parts according to the energy used:
Diesel engine power refers to the total
rated capacity of all diesel engines.
Gasoline engine power refers to the total
rated capacity of all gasoline engines.
Motor power refers to the total rated
capacity of all motors (include submersible pump motors).
Other mechanical powers refer to the total
mechanical capacity of the sources of energy besides diesel, gasoline and motor
power, such as hydro power, wind power, coal and solar energy.
Data are mainly from agricultural machinery agencies.