Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Gross
Output Value of Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers to the total
value of products of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and
total value of services in support of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry
and fishery activities. It reflects the total scale and results of agricultural
production during a given period. Prior to 1957,
Gross output value of agriculture is
obtained by multiplying the output of each product or by-product by its price,
resulting in the output value of each single item. For a small number of
products, annual output of which is not available or difficult to get due to
the long production (growing) process involved, the output value is estimated
through an indirect approach. The sum of output values of all products of
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery and services in support to
those industries is then equal to the gross output value of agriculture.
Grain
Output
refers to the total output in the whole country including grains
produced by State farms, collective units, rural households, as well as by
farms affiliated to industrial and mining enterprises and other production
units. Grain includes rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet and other
miscellaneous grains as well as tubers and beans. Output of beans refers to dry
beans without pods. The output of tubers (sweet potatoes and potatoes, not
including taros and cassava) are converted into that of grain at the ratio 4:1,
i.e. 4 kilograms of fresh tubers were equivalent to 1 kilogram of grain up to
1963. Since 1964 the ratio for conversion has been 5:1. Tubers supplied as
vegetables (such as potatoes) in cities and suburbs are calculated as fresh
vegetables and their output is not included in the output of grain. Output of
all other grains refers to husked grain. Data on grain production before 1989
were obtained through the Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System. Since
1989, data from sample surveys are used..
Cotton
Output
refers to cotton production in the whole country including cotton
planted in spring and in autumn. Output is measured as the weight of ginned
cotton. Ceiba is not included.
Output
of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total production of
oil-bearing crops of various kinds, including peanuts (dry, in shell),
rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax seeds, and other oil-bearing crops.
Soybeans, oil-bearing woody plants, and wild oil-bearing crops are not
included.
Output
of Aquatic Products refers to catches of both artificially
cultured and naturally grown aquatic products, including fish, shrimps, crabs
and shellfish in sea and inland water as well as seaweed. Freshwater plants are
not included. Data on output of
aquatic products are reported by aquatic product and statistical agencies level
by level. Before 1995, among the shellfish, oyster was counted as fresh meat; 5
kilograms of ark shell, clams and frogs are equivalent to 1 kilogram of fresh
aquatic products; they have all been counted as fresh aquatic products since
1996.
Output
of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of slaughtered hogs,
cattle, sheep and goats with head, feet, and offal taken away. Data refers to
the production of the whole country. Before 1996, it was a comprehensive
reporting from the lower level to the upper one. The First Agricultural Census
of China in 1996 revealed some discrepancy between the production of animal
products from the annual reports and that from the census. Efforts were made to
adjust the output value of animal husbandry to make the figures from the annual
reports consistent with the census data. Since 1999, the NBS conducted sample
surveys for the major animal husbandry products, such as hogs, cattle, sheep
and goats and fowls, and the data from sample surveys are used as national
finalized data. Those products, which are not covered by the sample survey, are
still reported by statistical agencies level by level. In 2007, the data on
animal husbandry from 2000 to 2006 were revised according to the results of the
Second Agriculture Census of China. In 2008, A Monitoring and Survey Program
was set up on main livestock, the data on the main livestock such as hog,
cattle, sheep and poultry became the official data based on the sampling
survey.
Number
of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) of Period refers to the total
number of large animals, pigs, sheep, fowls, etc. raised by rural cooperative
organizations, State farms, rural individuals, government agencies, schools,
industrial and mining enterprises, army, and urban residents at the beginning
(or end) of the reference period. Data reporting system and data adjustment are
the same as that in the output of pork, beef and mutton.
Sown
Area of Crops
refers to area of land sown or transplanted with crops regardless of
being in cultivated area or non-cultivated area. Area of land re-sown due to
natural disasters is also included. At present, the sown area of crops mainly
include the following 10 categories of crops: grain, oil-bearing crops, cotton,
hemp, sugar crops, tobacco, medicinal materials, vegetables, melons and other
farm crops.
Effective
Irrigated Area
refers to area of land that are effectively irrigated, i.e. relatively
level land, where there are water sources or complete sets of irrigation
facilities to lift and move adequate water for irrigation purpose under normal
conditions. Under normal situations, irrigated area is the sum of watered
fields and irrigated fields where irrigation systems orequipment
have been installed for regular irrigation purpose. It is an important
indicator to reflect the farmland water conservancy construction in
Consumption
of Chemical Fertilizers in Agriculture refers to the quantity of chemical
fertilizers applied in agriculture in the year, including nitrogenous
fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and compound fertilizer.
The consumption of chemical fertilizers is calculated in terms of volume of
effective components by means of converting the gross weight of the respective
fertilizers into weight containing effective component (e.g. nitrogen content
in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorous pentoxide
contents in phosphate fertilizer, and potassium oxide contents in potash
fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted in regard to its major
components. The formula is:
Volume of effective component= physical
quantity× effective component of certain chemical fertilizer (%)
Total
Power of Agricultural Machinery refers to the total rated capacity of
all agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery refers to the machineries
and equipments which are used for activities of planting, animal husbandry,
fishery, primary processing of agricultural products, agricultural transport
and infrastructure construction of farmland. Total power of agricultural
machinery is grouped into four parts according to the energy used:
Diesel
engine power refers to the total rated capacity of
all diesel engines.
Gasoline
engine power refers to the total rated capacity of
all gasoline engines.
Motor
power refers to the total rated capacity of all
motors (include submersible pump motors).
Other
mechanical powers refer to the total mechanical
capacity of the sources of energy besides diesel, gasoline and motor power,
such as hydro power, wind power, coal and solar energy.
Data are mainly from agricultural machinery
agencies.