Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Administrative
Division refers to the division of admin- istrative areas
by the state. The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China stipulates
that the administrative areas in China are divided as: 1) The whole Country is
divided into provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under
the central government; 2) Provinces and autonomous regions are divided into
autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomous counties and cities; 3) Autonomous
prefectures are divided into counties, autonomous counties and cities; 4)
Counties and autonomous counties are divided into townships, nationality
townships and towns; 5) Municipalities and large cities are divided into districts
and counties, 6) The state shall, when necessary, establish special
administrative regions.
Average
Annual Growth Rate Two methods for calcul-
ating average annual growth rate are applied in China,one is often called level approachor
the method of calculating geometric average,which is
derived by comparing the level of the last year of the interval with that of
the beginning year;the other is calledaccumulative
approach or algebraic average or equation method,which
is derived by the summation of the actual figure of each year in the interval
divided by the figure in the base year.Usually the
results calculated by the two methods are fairly close, but they differed
sharply when uneven economic development occurred with striking fluctuations in
growth.
The average annual growth rates listed in
this statistical yearbook are calculated by level approach except for the
growth rate of investment in fixed assets. The base years are not listed when
the years are listed for average annual growth rates. For instance,the average annual growth rate of 43 years since
1949 is listed as average annual growth rate of 1950-1992 without listing the
base year 1949.And the analogy of this is also the same for the rest of the
years.
Industrial
Classification of the National Economy The new
Industrial Classification of the National Economy (GB/T 4754-2011) is
introduced starting from the compilation of 2012annual statistics. The new
revision was based on the 2002 classification and organized by the National
Bureau of Statistics taking into consideration of the International Standards
of the Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC/Rev.4) of the
United Nations, and the new Classification was promulgated by the National
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine on April 29, 2011. The revised version of
the Industrial Classification of the National Economy (GB/T 4754-2011) is
composed of 20 major divisions, 96 divisions, 432 major groups and 1094 groups,
including 1 new divisions, 36 major groups and 181 groups.
Registration
Status of Enterprises Enterprises are classified into 3 categories, namely domestic-funded
enterprises, enterprises with investment from
State-owned
Enterprises refer to non-corporation econo- mic units where the entire assets are owned by the state
and which have registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s
Republic of
Collective-owned
Enterprises refer to economic units where the
assets are owned collectively and which have regist- ered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s
Republic of
Cooperative
Enterprises refer to a form of collective economic
units (enterprises) where capitals come mainly from employees as their shares,
with certain proportion of capital from the outside, where production is
organized on the basis of independent operation, independent accounting for
profits and losses, joint work, democratic management, and a distribution
system that integrates remuneration according to work with dividend according
to capital share.
Joint
Ownership Enterprises refer to economic units established by two or more corporate enterprises
or corporate institutions of the same or different ownership, through joint
investment on the basis of equality, voluntary participation and mutual
benefits. They include state joint ownership enterprises, collective joint
ownership enterprises, joint state-collective enterprises, other joint ownership
enterprises.
Limited
Liability Corporations refer to economic units established with investment from 2-50 investors
and registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s Republic of
China on the Management of Registration of Corporations, each investor bearing
limited liability to the corporation depending on its share of investment, and
the corporation bearing liability to its debt to the maximum of its total
assets. Limited liability corporations include exclusive state-funded limited liability
corporations and other limited liability corporations.
Share-holding Corporations Ltd. refer to
economic units registered in accordance with the Regulation of the People’s
Republic of
Private
Enterprises refer to profit-making economic units invested and established by natural
persons, or controlled by natural persons using employed labour.
Included in this category are private limited liability corporations, private
share-holding corporations Ltd., private partnership enterprises and private-funded
enterprises registered in accordance with the Corporation Law, Partnership
Enterprises Law and Interim Regulations on Private Enterprises.
Other
Domestic-funded Enterprises refer to domesticfund- ed economic units other
than those mentioned above.
Joint-venture
Enterprises with Funds from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan refer to enterprises jointly established by investors from Hong Kong,
Macao and Taiwan with enterprises in the mainland of China in accordance with
the Law of the People’s Republic of
China on Sino-foreign Joint Venture Enter- prises and
other relevant laws, where the share of investment, profits and risks is
stipulated in the contract.
Cooperative
Enterprises with Funds from Hong Kong Macao and Taiwan
established by investors from
Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan with enterprises in the mainland of China in
accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Sino-foreign
Cooperative Enterprises and other relevant laws, where the investment or
provision of facilities, and the share of profits and risks is stipulated in
the cooperative contract.
Enterprises
with Sole (exclusive) Investment from
Share-holding
Corporations Ltd. with Investment from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan refer to share-holding
corporations Ltd. established with the approval from the Ministry of Foreign
Trades and Economic Relations in line with relevant state regulations, where
the share of investment from
Joint-venture
Enterprises with Foreign Investment refer to enterprises jointly established by foreign enterprises or
foreigners with enterprises in the mainland of
Cooperation
Enterprises with Foreign Investment refer to enterprises jointly established by foreign enterprises or
foreigners with enterprises in the mainland of China in accordance with the Law
of the People’s Republic of China on Sino-foreign Cooperative Enterprises and
other relevant laws, where the investment or provision of facilities, and the
share of profits and risks is stipulated in the cooperative contract.
Enterprises
with Sole (exclusive) Foreign Investment refer to enterprises established in the mainland of
Shareholding
Corporations Ltd. with Foreign Investment refer to share-holding corporations Ltd. established with the approval
from the Ministry of Foreign Trades and Economic Relations in line with
relevant state regulations, where the share of investment from foreign
investors exceeds 25% of the total registered capital of the corporation. In
case the share of foreign investment is less than 25% of the total registered
capital, the enterprise is to be classified as domestic-funded share-holding
corporation Ltd.
Government
Agencies, Institutions and Social Organizations are
classified into following categories by source of funds and way of management
taking reference of the re- gistration status of
enterprises:
(1) Government agencies: include state and party
agencies, classified in principle as “state-owned”. There are exceptions, such
as supply and marketing cooperatives which are classified as “collective”.
(2) Institutions: include institutions of
various types est- ablished
with the approval by organization and staffing departments of the government,
but exclude institutions where enterprise management system is introduced.
Institutions are further classified as follows:
(a) Institutions whose main budget is listed
in the govern- ment budget
appropriations or extra-budget funds, or allocated from the budget of their
competent government agencies. Such institutions are classified as
“state-owned”.
(b) Institutions whose budget mainly comes
from collective units. Such institutions are classified as “collective”.
(c) Social institutions established by
individual or a group of citizens, which are classified as private
(d) Institutions other than those mentioned
above whose source of budget is not clear. Such
institutions are classified by way of management.
(3) Social organizations: include social
organizations established with the approval from the Ministry of Civil Affairs,
and organizations that are not covered by social organization management
regulations such as Trades unions, women’s fe- derations etc. Social organizations are further classified
as follows:
(a) Social organizations that are not
covered by social organization management regulations of the Ministry of Civil
Affairs such as Trades unions, women’s federations, communist youth leagues,
youth associations, industrial and commerce associations, scientists
associations, overseas Chinese associations, etc.foundations
and fund management organizations established with funds from the state, and
social organizations whose funds mainly come from the budget of their competent
government agencies. Such institutions are classified as “state-owned”.
(b) Social organizations whose budget mainly
comes from collective units. Such institutions are classified as “collective”.
(c) Social organizations established by
individual or a group of citizens, which are classified as “private”.
(d) Social organizations other than those
mentioned above whose source of budget is not clear.
Such organizations are classified by way of management.
Each
Plan Period
recovery period refer to 1950-1952;the first five-year plan refer to
1953-1957;the second five-year plan refer to 1958-1962;the third five-year plan
refer to 1966-1970;the fourth five-year plan refer to 1971-1975;the fifth five-yaer plan refer to 1976-1980;the sixth five-year plan refer
to 1981-1985;the seventh five-yaer plan refer to
1986-1990;the eighth five-yaer plan refer to
1991-1995;the ninth five-year plan refer to 1996-2000;the tenth five-year plan
refer to 2001-2005;the eleventh five-year plan refer to 2006-2010the twelvth five-yaer plan refer to
2011-2015.
Artificial
person refer to unit that have following condition:
(1) legally Estabilished,have own name,organization,location
and can undertake a civil case responsibility independently by law.
(2) independently
own and use (or authorizable usage)a property,undertake liabilities and can make a bargain with
other units.
(3) can
independently account and workout balance sheet.artificial
person unit Includes business artificial person,artifial
person organization,artifial person,meeting
group artificial person and other.
Single
sector artificial person refer to the unit that have only one location and be engaged in one kind
of production mangement activity.
Multi-sector
artificial person refer to the unit that have 2 or above 2 locations,or
mainly be engaged in 2 kinds or above 2 kinds of production management activity,and who can be diviede 2
or above 2 establishment units.
Establishments unit:refer to the subsidiary unit of artificial person unit.it should have following conditions:
(1) Be engaged in only one kind of social
economic activities in excusive conditon.
(2) Opposite independtly
organize management and business activity.
(3) Predominate data of business,such as income and expenditure ect.
Service refer to the
enterprises and prodution department for production
and selling the products.In the national economy accounting,services for the third industry,other
said that refers to all sectors except agriculture,industry
and construction.