Explanatory Notes on Main
Statistical Indicators
Gross
Output Value of Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery refers to the total value of products of farming, forestry, animal
husbandry and fishery, which reflects the total scale and result of
agricultural production during a given period. Gross output value of
agriculture is obtained by first multiplying the output of each product or by
product by its price, resulting in t he output value
of each s ingle item. For a small number of products, annual output of which is
not available or difficult to get due to the long production growing process
involved, t he output value is estimated through an indirect approach. The sum
of out put value of all products of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and
fishery is then equal to the gross output value of agriculture. Prior to 1957,
Chinas gross agricultural output value included barnyard manure and handicraft
products for self-consumption (clothes, shoes, stockings, and initial grain
processing undertaken by peasants). Since 1958, cutting and felling of bamboo
and trees by villages and other cooperative organizations under villages have
been included in forestry; value of barnyard manure has been excluded from
animal husbandry; self consumed handicraft s has been excluded from sideline
occupations, while the output value of industries run by villages and
cooperative organizations under village had been included inside line
occupations and the out put value of fish catches by motor fishing boats has
been added to fishery. Since 1980, the value of handicraft products made for
sale by individuals in households had been added to sideline occupations. Since
1984, industries run by villages and under villages have been included in the
sector of industry. Since 1993, the subdivision of sideline occupations has
been canceled, and the hunting of wild animals has been classified into animal
husbandry, and the gathering of wild plants and commodity industry run by rural
household have been included in farming. The firs t agriculture census of
Grain
Output refers to the total output of rice, wheat,
corn, sorghum, millet and other miscellaneous grains as well as tubers and bean
in the whole region including grains produced by state farms, collective units,
industrial enterprises and mines. Output of beans refers to dry beans without
pods. The output of tubers (sweet potatoes and potatoes, not including taros
and cassava) was converted into that of grain at the ratio 4:1, i.e. 4
kilograms of fresh tubers was equivalent to 1 kilogram of grain up to 1963.
Since 1964 the ratio for conversion has been 5:1.Tubers supplied as vegetables
(such as potatoes) in cities and suburbs are calculated as fresh vegetables and
their output is not included in the output of grain. Output of all other grains
refers to husked grain. Data on grain production before 1989 were obtained
through Comprehensive Statistical Reporting System, since then, sample survey
data are used.
Cotton
Output refers to the cotton production in the whole
Region including cotton sown in spring and in autumn. Output is measured as the
weight of ginned cotton. Three kilograms of seed-cotton are equivalent to 1
kilogram of ginned cotton, excluding ceiba.
Output
of Oil-bearing Crops refers to the total production
of oil-bearing crops of various kinds, including peanuts, (dry, in shell)
rapeseeds, sesame, sunflower seeds, flax seeds, and other oil-bearing crops.
Soybeans, oil-bearing woody plants, and wild oil-bearing crops are not
included.
Output
of Aquatic Products refers to catches of both
artificially cultured and naturally grown aquatic products, including fish,
shrimps, crabs and shellfish in sea and inland water as well as seaweed.
Freshwater plants are not included. Data on output of aquatic products are
reported by aquatic product and statistical agencies level by level. Before
1995, among the shellfish, the oyster was counted as fresh meat; 5 kilograms of
ark shell, clams and frogs are equivalent to 1 kilogram of fresh aquatic
products; they are all counted as fresh aquatic products since1996.
Output
of Pork, Beef, and Mutton refers to the meat of
slaughtered hogs, cattle, sheep and goats wit h head, feet, and offal taken
away. The statistical scope is of the whole society. The first agriculture
census of
Number
of Livestock or Poultry in Stock at Beginning (or End) refers to the total number of large animals, pigs, sheep, fowls,
etc. raised by rural cooperative organizations, state farms, rural individuals,
government agencies, schools, industrial and mining enterprises, army, and
urban residents at the beginning (or end) of the reference period. Data
reporting system and data adjustment are the same as that in the output of
pork, beef and mutton.
Regularly
Cultivated Land refers to farmland among the total
land resources, which is exclusively used for farming and is under regular
cultivation with harvest in normal years. Include dare currently cultivated
land, land that has been abandoned or put in idle for less than 3 years and
could be re-used for cultivation at any time, and new-claimed land that has
been put into cultivation for more than 3 years. According to statistical
coverage, it includes the gouges, dykes, roads and ridges of field with 1 meter
wide in Southern areas and 2 meters wide in Northern areas. Excluded under this
category are steep slope land over 25 degrees under temporary cultivation, land
(large or small plots) that is claimed along river bends, lake sides or banks
of reservoirs, as well as land that has been designated under the "Green
for Grain" programs of the state and provincial governments but is still
temporarily under cultivation. The regularly cultivated land is the key
protection land of the nation, which reflects the comprehensive productivity of
agriculture of
Sown
Area of Crops refers to area of land sown or
transplanted with crops regardless of being in cultivated area or no cultivated
area. Area of land re-sown due to natural disasters is also included. The
indicator can reflect the utilization condition of the cultivated land in
Irrigated
Area refers to areas that are effectively
irrigated, i.e. level land, which has water source and complete sets of
irrigation facilities to lift and move adequate water for irrigation purpose
under normal conditions. Under normal conditions, irrigated area is the sum of
watered fields and irrigated fields where irrigation systems or equipment have
been installed for regular irrigation purpose. This indicator can reflect
drought resistance capacity of the cultivated land in
Consumption
of Chemical Fertilizers in Agriculture refers to
the quantity of chemical fertilizers applied in agriculture in the year,
including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and
compound fertilizer. The consumption of chemical fertilizers is required in
calculation to convert the gross weight into weight containing 100% effective
component (e.g. 100% nitrogen content in nitrogenous fertilizer,
100%phosphorous pent oxide contents in phosphate fertilizer, 100%potassium
oxide contents in potash fertilizer). Compound fertilizer is converted with its
major component. The formula is:
Volume of effective component = physical
quantity X effective component of certain chemical fertilizer (%)
Total
Power of Farm Machinery refers to total mechanical
power of machinery used in farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery,
including ploughing, irrigation and drainage,
harvesting, transport, plant protection, stock breeding, forestry and fishery.
The power of internal combust ion engines is required to convert horsepower
into watts and the power of electric motors is required to be converted into
watts. Machinery employed for non-agricultural purposes, such as the machines
used in township run and village-run industry, construction, nonagricultural
transport, scientific experiments and teaching, is excluded. Data are mainly
from agricultural machinery agencies.
Rural
Employed Persons refer to rural labor forces aged
over 16 years old who are engaged in real production and management activities
and receive payment in kind or wages, including those covered within the age
frame and regularly participating in production activities, and those who are
out of the range of age frame and also participating in production activities
regularly. Excluding students studying in other places with their permanent
residence registered in local areas, servicemen and persons incapable of
working; also excluding those who are waiting for jobs and those engaged in
household work. Persons employed are classified as rural employed persons; industrial
employed persons; construction industry employed persons; transport, storage
and telecommunications industries employed persons; whole sales and retail
sales Trades and catering industry employed persons and others according to the
longest period of persons engaged in major activities (or using income
indicator when periods are the same).
Township
Enterprises refer to collective economic
organization in rural areas or various enterprises bearing the responsibilities
of supporting the agricultural sector in town (including related village),
which mainly invested by farmers. The share of rural economic organizations or
farmers should account for over50%, if it were below 50%,it
should play the leading role or hold the share. Those enterprises include:
township enterprises, village enterprises, joint-household enterprises,
household (private, individual) enterprises; and also the joint venture
enterprises with various ownerships among above-mentioned enterprises, or with
state-owned enterprises, urban collective enterprises, private enterprises and
foreign funded (including