Explanatory Notes on Main
Statistical Indicators
Total Population refers to the total number of people alive at a
certain point of time within a given area.
The annual statistics on
total population is taken at midnight,the
3lst of December.
City,Town and
There are two definitions.The first definition
(according to the administrative organizational system):
City Population: Total population under the jurisdiction of City
(including population of the town under the jurisdiction of City. excluding the
population of counties under the jurisdiction of City).
Town Population: Total population of town under the jurisdiction of
County (excluding the population of town under the jurisdiction of City).
The second definition
(classified by the permanent population):
City Population: Total population of districts under the jurisdiction
of City with district establishment and the population of street under the
jurisdiction of City without district establishment.
Town Population: Total resident-committees population of towns under
the jurisdiction of City without district establishment and the
resident-committees population of towns under the jurisdiction of County.
Birth Rate( or Crude Birth Rate) refers to the ratio of
the number of births to the average population during a certain period of
time(usually a year) which is often expressed in‰. The following formula is
used:
Brith Rate= Number of
Births/Annual Average Number of Population
Number of births refers to
live births i.e. the births when babies had showed any vital phenomena
regardless of the length of pregnancy.
Annual average number of
population is the average of the number of population at the beginning of the
year and that at the end of the year. Sometimes it is substituted for with the
mid year population.
Death Rate(or Crude Death Rate) refers to the ratio of
the number of deaths to the average population (or mid year population) during
a certain period of time (usually a year) which is often expressed in‰. The
following formula is used:
Death Rate =Number of
Deaths/ Annual Average Number of Population
Natural Growth Rate of Population refers to the ratio of natural
increase in population(number of births minus number
of deaths)in a certain period of time(usually a year)to the average
population(or mid year population)of the same period which is often expressed
in‰. The following formula is applied:
Natural Growth Rate of
Population= Number of Births-Number of Deaths / Average Number of Population
Natural Growth Rate of
Population=Birth Rate-Death Rate
Employed Population refers to population aged 15 or over
engaging in social labour which generates income.
Unemployed Population refers to population aged 15 or over
not engaging in any social labour which generates
income, including students enrolled in schools, house wives,students waiting for entering schools with higher
level, urban job seekers, retirees,
job quitters, disabled, etc.
Economically Active Population refers to the population aged 16 and
over who are capable to work, are participating in or willing to participate in
economic activities, including employed persons and unemployed persons.
Persons Employed in Various Units refer to all the persons working in
government agencies of various levels， political and party organizations， social organizations，enterprises and
institutions, and receiving wages or other forms of payment. They include
fully-employed staff and workers， re-employed retirees， teachers in schools run
by the local people，foreigners and Chinese compatriots from Hong Kong， Macao，and Taiwan working in
various units, part-time employees, employees of other units working
temporarily at current posts, and employees holding the second job, but exclude
staff and workers who have left their working units while keeping their labour contract (employment relation) unchanged．This indicator reflects
the total number of laborers actually engaged in production or other operations
in various units.
Persons Employed in Private Enterprises and Self-Employed
Individuals in Urban Areas Persons employed in private enterprises refer to the persons
employed in the private enterprises which have been registered at the
departments of industrial and commercial administration and are situated at a
County town (i.e. a town where the County government is located) for business
operation or at urban areas with the level higher than a County town. The
self-employed individuals in urban areas refer to persons who hold the
certificates of residence in urban areas or have resided in the urban areas for
a long time and have been registered at the departments of industrial and
commercial administration and approved to be engaged in individual industrial
or commercial business, including self-employed persons as well as helpers and
hired labourers who work in the individual households
engaged in industrial or commercial business.
Registered Urban Unemployed Persons The registered unemployed
persons in urban areas refer to the persons who are registered as permanent
residents in the urban areas engaged in non-agricultural activities, aged
within the range of working age, capable to labour,
unemployed but desirous to be employed and have been registered at the local
employment service agencies to apply for a job.
Registered Urban Unemployment Rate Registered unemployment
rate in urban areas refers to the ratio of the number of the registered
unemployed persons to the sum of the number of employed persons and the
registered unemployed persons . The formula is as
follows:
Registered urban
unemployment rate = number of registered urban unemployed persons/(number of urban employed persons + number of registered
urban unemployed persons) ×100%
Staff and Workers refer to the persons who work in(and
receive payment therefrom)enterprises and
institutions of state ownership， collective ownership， joint ownership， share holding， foreign ownership， and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong Kong， Macao， and Taiwan， and other types of
ownership and their affiliated units，excluding the retired persons invited
to work in the units again, teachers in the schools run by the local people and
foreigners and persons coming from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and working in
the state-owned economic units. (Number of staff and workers in this yearbook
include only fully employed staff and workers, excluding those who have left
their working units while keeping their labour
contract/employment relation unchanged)．
Staff and Workers in State-owned Economic Units refer to the persons who
work in the state-owned economic units or their attached units and are listed
in their payrolls.
Staff and Workers of Collective Owned Units in Urban Areas refer to the persons who
work in collective owned units in urban areas and their administration
departments and receive payment therefrom．
Staff and Workers in Units of Other Types of Ownership refer to those who work
in(and receive payment therefrom)enterprises and
institutions of joint ownership，share holding，foreign ownership，and ownership by entrepreneurs from Hong Kong，Macao，and Taiwan．
Fully Employed Staff and Workers refer to persons who work in, and
receive wages from their working units, as well as persons who have their work
posts, but are temporarily absent from work for reasons of study or on sick,
injury or maternal leave and still receive wages from their working units.
Total Wages refer to the total remuneration payment to staff and workers
in various units during a certain period of time．The calculation of total wages is
based on the total remuneration payment to the staff and workers. Therefore， all the wages and
salaries and other payments to staff and workers are included in the total
wages regardless of their sources， category， and forms (in kind or
cash)．(Total wages of staff and
workers in this yearbook include only total wages of fully employed staff and
workers, excluding the living allowances distributed to those who have left
their working units while keeping their labour
contract/employment relation unchanged)．
Bonus refers to remuneration payment to workers for extra work and
for increasing earnings and practicing economy．
Subsidies and Allowances refer to subsidies paid to staff and
workers for compensating special or extra labour and
allowances paid to staff and workers to offset the impact of inflation on real
wages．
Average Wage refers to the average wage in money terms per person
during a certain period of time for staff and workers in enterprises,
institutions, and government agencies, which reflects the general level of wage
income during a certain period of time and is calculated as follows:
Average Wage of Staff and
Workers =Total Wages of Staff and Workers in Reference Period/Average Number of
Staff and Workers in Reference Period
Index of Average Wage refers to the ratio of average wage
of staff and workers at the report time to that at the reference time. It
reflects the relative changing degree of average wage in money terms at the various of time, which is calculated as following:
Index of Average Wage of
Staff and Worker = average wage of staff and workers at the report time/average
wage of staff and workers at the reference time
Index of Average Real Wage refers to the average wage which has
removed the factor of price change.
Index of average real wage of staff and worker reflects the relative
changing degree of average real wage, and indicates the degree of the rising or
declining degree of real wage of staff and worker, which is calculated as
following:
Index of Average Real Wage of Staff and Worker = Index of Average Wage of Staff and Worker at the Report Time/Urban Consumer Prices Index at the Report Time.