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Asqar Azatbek
Asqar Azatbek
阿斯哈·阿孜提别克
654127197601180038
Age
44
Gender
M
Ethnicity
Kazakh
Profession
government
Likely place of origin
Tekes
Likely current location
Ili
Status
sentenced (2018, 20 y)
When problems started
Oct. 2017 - Dec. 2017
Detention reason (suspected | official)
--- | "espionage", "fraud", "registration issues"
Health status
has problems
Lists
Victims with foreign residence  Eyewitness accounts  Victims in focus  Exemplary entries  Covered in international media  From prolonged detention to prison  Entries mentioning specific police detention centers  Foreign citizens 
Locality
(hukou)
2020-02-28

consult raw version

testifying party

Testimony 1|2|3: Gauhar Mamyrkanovna Kurmangalieva, a citizen of Kazakhstan. (relative)

Testimony 4: Gauhar Mamyrkanovna Kurmangalieva, as reported by Taiwan Reporter. (relative)

Testimony 5: Qarlygash Diparova, as reported by Radio Azattyq. (aunt)

Testimony 6: Gauhar Mamyrkanovna Kurmangalieva, as reported by Radio Azattyq. (relative)

Testimony 7: Gauhar Mamyrkanovna Kurmangalieva, as reported by Total.kz. (relative)

Testimony 8: Qarlygash Diparova, as reported by Total.kz. (aunt)

Testimony 9: Gauhar Mamyrkanovna Kurmangalieva, as reported by France 24. (relative)

Testimony 10: Anonymous, as reported by Radio Free Asia Mandarin. (relation unclear)

Testimony 11|14: Gauhar Mamyrkanovna Kurmangalieva, as reported by Gene A. Bunin. (relative)

Testimony 12: Official court document, as used in court proceedings in the People's Republic of China.

Testimony 13: Oraz, as reported by Atazhurt Zhastary. (friend)

Testimony 15: Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as reported by vlast.kz.

about the victim

Asqar Azatbek used to work for the National Immigration Administration in Ili, before retiring in April 2016 for health reasons. Migrating to Kazakhstan, he obtained Kazakhstani citizenship in 2017. He also formally renounced his Chinese citizenship.

Address in China: House No. 1, Series No. 2, Beiyuan Country Residences, 61 Airport Road, Ghulja City (伊宁市飞机场路61号北苑别墅区2排1号).

Kazakhstan PIN: 760118000347. Chinese passport: E71985109.

current location

Twin-Channel Village Detention Center (双渠村看守所) in Korgas County.

chronology of detention(s)

On December 7, 2017, he went to the Qorghas International Center for Boundary Cooperation. According to a friend who was with him at the time, two jeeps pulled over close to them while they were in front of the Samuryq mall (on the Kazakhstan side of the cooperation zone), with 3-4 Chinese police getting out and coming down on Asqar, knocking him over. Putting his hands behind his back, they forced him to get into the car and effectively kidnapped him. (The official reply from the Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs in February 2020 confirms the time, place, and arrest, though it also adds that, according to its embassy in Beijing, the victim was detained on January 4, 2018.)

No news about his case would be available until an official court verdict was leaked to his relatives in Kazakhstan in January 2020.

According to the verdict - which makes no mention of the kidnapping or what happened to Asqar in the following 3 months - he was detained by the Qorghas County Public Security Bureau on March 10, 2018 on suspicion of fraud, before being formally arrested on March 23, 2018. He was then formally prosecuted on September 17, 2018, with the court decision date marked as December 9, 2018 (subject to appeal).

suspected and/or official reason(s) for detention

The court verdict reports him as being guilty of "espionage" and fraud.

The pages related to the fraud charges are missing in the copy available here [for reasons unclear], but concluding remarks state that he had cheated people out of a total of ~1.7 million RMB.

The espionage charges come from his allegedly having taken a Kazakhstan consulate visa official, Daniyar Serikbayev, to visit some of the hydraulic stations and reservoirs in Ili. The verdict states - without evidence - that Serikbayev was actually a Kazakh spy and intelligence agent (not just a consulate visa-service worker), and that Asqar was quickly made aware of this by Serikbayev's peculiar interest in the water-conservation system, which the verdict states is a state secret and cannot be shown to foreigners ("and especially Kazakhstanis"). Asqar allegedly acted as a guide anyway, in return for visa favors, and thereby violated Article 110 of the criminal code (he is also stated as violating Articles 266, 61, 52, 53, 56, 64, and 69).

His migration to Kazakhstan and his obtaining Kazakhstan citizenship are thus presented in the verdict as fleeing from potential investigation in China.

Asqar is also presented as allegedly admitting all of this [it is not clear how "clean" such a confession is, however, especially given his 3-month kidnapping prior to being officially detained].

In its formal reply in February 2020, the Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs states that it has received no news of the espionage and fraud charges, and that the latest news is from its embassy in Beijing, which said that Asqar was detained for having dual citizenship and for thereby violating China's citizenship law. The MFA also confirms that (a) the victim cancelled his Chinese citizenship and (b) did not take part in Kazakhstan national security's operations. However, diplomatic demands to the Chinese side regarding his case have gone unanswered.

last reported status

The court verdict says that Asqar has been sentenced to 20 years of prison, with 5 years of deprivation of political rights (in addition to a 50000RMB fine).

As of February 2020, it appears that he has yet to be transferred to a formal prison, however, as sources have reported to his relative in Kazakhstan that he is still being held at a detention center.

how testifier(s) learned of victim's situation

The eyewitness account of Asqar's disappearance was obtained from his friend Oraz, who went to the Qorghas economic cooperation zone with the victim.

The court verdict is an official document from the Xinjiang judicial system.

The Kazakhstan MFA presumably got its information through official channels.

additional information

Coverage by vlast.kz, together with the formal reply from the Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs: https://vlast.kz/obsshestvo/42132-kto-ukral-askara-azatbeka.html

Media coverage of this case:
http://archive.is/bp6cR (Total.kz)
https://observers.france24.com/en/20190703-kazakhstan-china-xinjiang-families-detained
https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/kazakh-missing-12272017141959.html

What appears to be an investment fund owned by Asqar in the Qorghas cooperation zone: http://archive.is/sT9gu

official communication(s)

Source: Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs

----------

The consular-services department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan has reviewed your complaint regarding the case of your relative A. Azatbek, who was arrested on December 7, 2017 by the PRC public-security authorities at the Korgas International Center for Boundary Cooperation. Please be informed of the following:

According to the Kazakhstan embassy in Beijing, Chinese citizen Asqar Azatbek was detained by the Chinese public-security authorities on January 4, 2018 for having violated the “Chinese citizenship law” (dual citizenship) and is under investigation.

In accordance with the “Republic of Kazakhstan citizenship” law, Asqar Azatbek obtained Kazakhstan citizenship in October 2017. He renounced his People’s Republic of China citizenship on September 27, 2017 through the Chinese embassy in Kazakhstan, and the Chinese embassy placed the “cancelled” stamp in his passport.

In relation to this, the ministry sent a diplomatic demand to China’s MFA on January 15, 2018, so as to, as accorded by the provisions of the “Agreement on mutual legal assistance”, look into the Azatbek issue and agree on a meeting between the individual in question and the Kazakhstan consul.

However, the Chinese side did not reply to this demand, and so the ministry addressed the Chinese embassy in Kazakhstan with the request to organize a meeting between the Kazakhstan consul and A. Azatbek, and to have him returned to Kazakhstan in 2018. Another diplomatic demand was sent on December 6. There has still been no reply from the Chinese side.

In what concerns the information provided in your statement, the Kazakhstan side has not received any information from the Chinese judicial bodies regarding Azatbek being sentenced to 20 years on the charges of “spying for Kazakhstan” and “fraud”.

Additionally, as per your demand, a demand has been sent to the competent authorities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The competent authority has informed that there is no information regarding A. Azatbek being part of the Kazakhstan national security’s operations.

Taking into account your request, as well as with the intention to protect the rights and interests of A. Azatbek, the Kazakhstan MFA plans to send another diplomatic demand to the Chinese side and to raise his issue at the upcoming bilateral consular meetings.

You will be informed in reply to your demand.

places of detention


Korgas County Detention Center

supplementary materials

Testimony 2
Testimony 3
Testimony 4
Testimony 1
Testimony 5
Testimony 6
Testimony 13
Chinese passport
Testimony 12 (p. 4-5 missing)


entry created on: 2018-11-29

entry last modified on: 2021-01-31

last update from testifier(s): 2020-02-28